Extending the reproductive period in women: modern approaches and anti-aging therapy

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Abstract

The increase in life expectancy and the trend toward postponing first pregnancy have stimulated the search for effective methods to extend the reproductive period in women and to improve their quality of life. This review analyzes current understanding of the physiological and molecular processes underlying ovarian aging, as well as contemporary anti-aging strategies aimed at enhancing ovarian reserve and maintaining fertility. Particular attention is given to the role of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA modifications, along with innovative therapeutic approaches. Specifically, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy (intraovarian injection of platelet-rich plasma), the use of stem cells for ovarian tissue regeneration, senotherapy targeting the elimination of senescent cells, and the prospects of mitochondrial donation technology to improve oocyte quality are discussed. Clinical and experimental studies demonstrating the efficacy of these strategies in preserving reproductive potential are presented, highlighting new opportunities in infertility treatment, quality-of-life improvement, and enabling later motherhood. Limitations and future research directions in this rapidly evolving field are also discussed.

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About the authors

Svetlana V. Kamoeva

Clinic "K+31" West; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: sv02016@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7238-9911
SPIN-code: 6059-0738

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow; 1 Ostrovityanov st, Moscow, 117997

Diana S. Makovskaya

Clinic "K+31" West

Email: littlede@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0159-8641
SPIN-code: 9161-6635
Russian Federation, Moscow

Yulia E. Dobrokhotova

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: pr.dobrohotova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7830-2290
SPIN-code: 2925-9948

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovityanov st, Moscow, 117997

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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: ПИ № ФС 77 - 86335 от 11.12.2023 г.  
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: ЭЛ № ФС 77 - 80633 от 15.03.2021 г.