Impact of bariatric surgery on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes.

The topic of obesity in Russia, as in the rest of the world, remains very topical and becomes more acute every year. Bariatric surgeries performed on obese women have a number of positive effects: improved fertility, reduced risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and pre-eclampsia due to improved insulin sensitivity and normalization of glucose levels. However, the intrapartum and postnatal periods are associated with a number of problems: increased risk of micronutrient deficiency, the development of dumping syndrome, the occurrence of anemia, increased risk of fetal growth retardation. That is why such patients need to choose an individualized treatment plan after bariatric surgery, as it prevents the development of complications in the future both for the health of the mother and the fetus. Special attention should be paid to the vitamin profile, which is fundamental in the formation of various structures of the fetus. For this purpose, it is necessary to replenish the missing micronutrients after a laboratory test to avoid their excessive use. In addition, such patients need an individualized selection of a specialized diet. 

Bariatric surgery is an effective method of treating obesity to achieve spontaneous pregnancy only when the patient is unable to reduce excess weight through changes in dietary habits and lifestyle, the use of medications and increased physical activity. Women who are scheduled for bariatric surgery should be informed about all types of subsequent complications and the need to correct them. It should be emphasized that it is equally important to inform women about the interval of up to 12-18 months between bariatric surgery and pregnancy.