Evaluation of the Non-Uniformity of Acoustic and Elastic Properties of Compression Coil Springs

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Abstract

The paper is devoted to the investigation of the acoustic and elastic properties of automotive and railway springs manufactured by cold coiling and high-temperature machining, respectively. The mirror-shadow method of multiple reflections based on measuring the velocities of longitudinal and transverse waves propagating along the rod diameter of the spring is used to evaluate the non-uniformity of the acoustic properties. Specially designed pass-through electromagnetic-acoustic transducers of transverse waves of axial polarisation and transducers of longitudinal waves on the basis of flexible piezo film of polyvinylidene fluoride provide multiple reflection of volume waves along the cross-section of the coiled coil of the spring. The elasticity, shear moduli and Poisson’s ratio are calculated from the results of wave velocity measurements. It was established that the non-uniformity of acoustic and elastic properties along the length of the bar differs for automotive and railway springs. It was found that there are differences in the non-uniformity of acoustic and elastic properties along the length of the coiled bar for automotive and railway springs.

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About the authors

O. V. Muraveva

Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University; Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: pmkk@istu.ru
Russian Federation, 7, Studencheskaya St., Izhevsk, 426069; 34, Tatiana Baramzina St., Izhevsk, 426067

V. V. Murav’ev

Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University; Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: vmuraviev@mail.ru
Russian Federation, 7, Studencheskaya St., Izhevsk, 426069; 34, Tatiana Baramzina St., Izhevsk, 426067

P. A. Shikharev

Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University

Email: pmkk@istu.ru
Russian Federation, 7, Studencheskaya St., Izhevsk, 426069

K. Yu. Belosludtsev

Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University

Email: pmkk@istu.ru
Russian Federation, 7, Studencheskaya St., Izhevsk, 426069

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Geometry and designations of the railway spring (a); automotive spring (b).

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3. Fig. 2. Railway and automobile springs with installed EMA transducers and transducers based on flexible piezo film type.

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4. Fig. 3. Principle of operation of EMA transverse wave transducer (a) and PVDF-based piezoelectric transducer for longitudinal waves (b).

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5. Fig. 4. Series of multiple reflections along the diameter of the coiled bar for transverse (a) and longitudinal (b) waves for a car spring.

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6. Fig. 5. Relationship between transverse and longitudinal wave velocities.

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7. Fig. 6. Results of 3D-scanning of a car spring (a); dependence of the coiling diameter on the length of the coiled bar (b).

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8. Fig. 7. Dependences of longitudinal (a) and transverse (b) wave velocities along the length of the coiled bar L of an automotive spring.

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9. Fig. 8. Dependences of Young's modulus (a), shear modulus (b) and Poisson's ratio (c) along the length of the coiled rod L of the car spring.

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10. Fig. 9. Dependences of longitudinal (a) and transverse (b) wave velocities along the length of the coiled rod L of the railway spring.

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11. Fig. 10. Dependences of Young's modulus (a), shear modulus (b) and Poisson's ratio (c) along the length of the coiled rod L of the railway spring.

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