Kolymopecten gen. nov. – a New Representative of Pectinoid Bivalves from the Lower–Middle Permian of the Boreal Superrealm

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Abstract

From the Lower-Middle Permian deposits of the Boreal Superrealm (Northeast Russia), a new genus of Permian pectinoid bivalves of the family Heteropectinidae – Kolymopecten gen. nov. with the type species K. kolymaensis (Maslennikow) is described. The genus also includes K. mutabilis (Licharew) and K. praekolymaensis sp. nov. All representatives of the new genus are quite simply constructed: their right weakly convex valve is ornamented with simple radial bifurcating ribs of two orders, and the left, much more convex valve is ornamented with intercalating ribs of up to five orders. The historical development of kolymopectens is briefly reviewed. Kolymopecten is one of the few “ancient” genera of Permian bivalves that survived the Late Kungurian regional faunal extinction, which affected all major benthic groups. Representatives of the genus are among the most widespread pectinoid bivalves in the Northeast of Russia, often forming mass accumulations, especially in the Artinskian-Kungurian deposits.

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A. S. Biakov

North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N.A. Shilo, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: abiakov@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Magadan, 685000

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2. Fig. 1. Locations of the described material of representatives of the genus Kolymopecten gen. nov. in the North-East of Russia: 1–5 – Omolon Massif and its south-eastern border: 1 – Vodopadny Creek, 2 – Russkaya-Omolonskaya River, 3 – Rulon and Folk Creeks, left tributaries of the Munugudzhak River, a tributary of the Omolon River, 4 – Malaya Aulandzha River basin, a tributary of the Omolon River, 5 – Chisty (Fedorovsky) Creek, a tributary of the Paren River; 6 – Western Verkhoyanye, Orol River, a tributary of the Dulgalakh River. The dotted line shows the outline of the Omolon Massif.

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3. Fig. 2. Stratigraphic position of finds of representatives of the genus Kolymopecten gen. nov. in the North-East of Russia. Abbreviations: Lec. – Lekeer, ISS – International Stratigraphic Chart, lower part, RSS – Regional Stratigraphic Chart.

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4. Fig. 3. Bivalves of the genus Kolymopecten gen. nov. from the Lower–Middle Permian deposits of northeastern Russia (all images, except where noted, are full-size): a–c, d, x – K. mutabilis (Licharew): a – specimen SVKNII, no. 37/02–06.99, core of the left valve; Gizhiginskaya folded zone, Chisty (Fedorovsky) Creek; Lower Permian, Asselian Stage, upper half of the Oroch Horizon, zone of Euchondria mira bivalves, middle part of the Magiveem Formation, outcrop 18, layer 26a, collected by the author and V.G. Ganelin, 1983; b – specimen SVKNII, No. 36/02–06.99, incomplete core of the left valve with a partially preserved shell; same location; same age; exp. 17, sl. 4, collected by the author and V.G. Ganelin, 1983; c – specimen SVKNII, No. 38/02–06.99, incomplete core of the left valve; same location, age, year, and authors of collection; d – latex cast of the imprint of the left valve, specimen SVKNII, No. 122/02–06.99; Omolon massif, Russkaya-Omolonskaya River; Lower Permian, upper Artinskian – lower Kungurian Stage, upper part of the Koargychan Horizon, zone based on Aphanaia lima bivalves, lower part of the Dzhigdalinskaya Formation, exp. 31, layer 2, author's collection, 1983; x – fragment of sculpture of the same specimen, × 3; g, e–i – K. praekolymaensis sp. nov.: g – specimen of SVKNII, no. 126/02–06.99, incomplete core of the right valve, × 1.5; Omolon Massif, Munugudzhak River; Lower Permian, upper part of the Artinskian Stage, upper Ogonerian Horizon, zone based on Cypricardinia borealica bivalves, upper part of the Munugudzhak Formation, exp. 11, page 2, collected by V.G. Ganelin in 1977; e–i – cores of left valves, sometimes with a partially preserved shell: e – specimen SVKNII, no. 123/02–06.99; ibid.; Lower Permian, lower part of the Artinskian Stage, lower part of the Ogonerian Horizon, zone of bivalves Merismopteria permiana, middle part of the Munugudzhak Formation, outcrop 8; g – holotype SVKNII, no. 125/02–06.99; locality and age are the same as in fig. g; h – specimen SVKNII, no. 127/02–06.99; locality, age, and author of collection are the same; i – specimen. SVKNII, No. 124/02–06.99; Munugudzhak River, outcrop 12; age same as in fig. e; k–f – K. kolymaensis (Maslennikov in Kaschirzew): k – specimen SVKNII, No. 130/02–06.99, core of left valve with sections of preserved shell; Western Verkhoyanye, Orol River, tributary of the Dulgalakh River; Lower Permian, middle part of the Kungurian Stage, Tumarin Horizon, zone of bivalves Aphanaia andrianovi, lower part of the Orol Formation, outcrop 1i/78 (00), layer 56, collections of R.V. Kutygin and I.V. Budnikov, 2000; l – specimen. SVKNII, No. 40/02–06.99, complex core of the left valve; Omolon Massif, Vodopadny Creek, tributary of the Khivach River, Gizhiga River basin; Lower Permian, middle Kungurian Stage, upper Koargychan Horizon, zone based on the bivalves Aphanaia andrianovi; lower part of the Dzhigdalinskaya Formation, outcrop 1, layer 4, author’s collection, 1983; n – specimen SVKNII, No. 133/02–06.99, core of the left valve; Omolon Massif, Munugudzhak River; Middle Permian, lower Roadian Stage, lower Russo-Omolon Horizon, zone based on the bivalves Aphanaia dilatata, lower part of the Folk Formation, outcrop 10, author's collection, 1999; m (× 2) – structure of the ligamentous area of the same specimen; o – specimen SVKNII, No. 130/02–06.99, core of the left valve; southeastern framing of the Omolon Massif, Chisty (Fedorovsky) Creek, tributary of the Gizhiga River; age same as in fig. d, so-called 70a, author's collection, 2014; p – specimen SVKNII, No. 131/02–06.99, incomplete core of the right valve; location, age, and author of collection are the same; p–t – specimen. SVKNII, No. 43/02–06.99, core of a bivalve specimen: p – from the left valve side, c – from above, t – from the right valve side; Omolon Massif, Malaya Aulandzha River basin (a tributary of the Omolon River); the same age, Okaylikich Formation, collected by N.A. Usachev, 1983, item 79; y – specimen of SVKNII, No. 132/02–06.99, latex cast of the left valve imprint; location, age, and author of collection are the same as in fig. l; f – fragment of sculpture of the same specimen, × 3.

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