Role of gene polymorphism in the development of disorders of the lipid profile in individuals exposed to chemicals

Introduction. The prevalence of arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia in the Russian population exceeds 50%. By a number of working industrial factors have been proved to play the negative role in their development. The results of earlier studies indicate to the epigenetic role of toxic substances in relation to various genes.

The aim of the study was to establish associations of polymorphic variants of cardiovascular risk genes with disorders of lipid metabolism in workers performing liquidation works in the accumulated environmental risks zone.

Materials and methods. Ninety two and 82 employees from Federal Environmental Operator (FEO) and EMERCOM, respectively were studied. Parameters of lipid metabolism and polymorphic variants of APOE Cys130Arg (rs429358) and PPARG Pro12Ala (rs1801282) genes were investigated.

Results. In FEO workers, each variant allele of the APOE Cys130Arg gene is associated with impaired LDL-C concentration in an additive manner (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.03–7.08, p=0.04). Carrying either the T/C or C/C variant allele of this polymorphic variant or the C/G or G/G polymorphic variant Pro12Ala of the PPARG gene increases the odds of developing abnormalities in total cholesterol levels by more than 3.5-times. The risk influence of the mutant genotype G/G and allele G on the increase of Apo B concentration was also established. In EMERCOM workers, the presence of both alleles of this polymorphic variant increased the probability of a decrease in HDL-H levels by 5 times.

Limitations. Male persons are employees of the FEO and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Age accounts of 30–50 years.

Conclusions. An increased risk of deviations of total cholesterol concentration, proatherogenic cholesterol, and lipoprotein fractions associated with the PPARG Pro12Ala and APOE Cys130Arg genes polymorphisms was found in FEO workers, whereas only the reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol risk in carriers of the PPARG Pro12Ala gene mutant allele was found in EMERCOM workers.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was carried out in compliance with the ethical standards of the Helsinki Declaration as recently revised and Order No. 200n of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated April 1, 2016, were observed. Conclusion of the LEC of FSBSI ESIMER No. 2 dated 21.12.2022. All subjects signed informed consent.

Contribution:
Kudaeva I.V. — the concept and design of the study, editing, statistical processing, writing text;
Lakhman O.L. — the concept and design of the study;
Lysenko A.A., Belik V.P., Prokhorova P.G., Starkova A.S., Kodinets I.N. — collection and processing of material;
Kucherova N.G. — statistical processing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study was performed within the framework of the funds allocated for exploration scientific research of East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.

Received: March 29, 2024 / Accepted: June 19, 2024 / Published: October 16, 2024