Hygienic evaluation of the class hazard of discharges from road-vehicles complex

The purpose of the study. Hygienic evaluation of discharges from the road-vehicle complex to justify recommendations for handling it in urbanized areas.

Material and methods. The object of the study was discharges from the road-vehicles complex (RVC) in four cities of Russia — Saint-Petersburg, Chelyabinsk, Perm and Ufa. The research program included the analysis of the chemical composition of RVC discharges; determination of hazard classes of waste for the health of the person at the SP 2.1.7.1386-03 “Sanitary rules on determining the hazard class of toxic production wastes and consumption” (2003) and the calculation of class of danger according to the degree of negative impact on the environment in accordance with the “Criteria for classification of wastes of hazard classes I–V according to the degree of negative impact on the environment” (2014).

Results. In the analyzed samples silicon dioxide (up to 92%) appeared to be the main component of RVC discharges in cities of Petersburg, Perm, Chelyabinsk and Ufa. In RVC discharges the content of seven chemical substances hazard class 1 and 2 exceeded their MPC in soil: copper — by 10 to 35 times, Nickel — from 2.6 to 61.7 times, zinc — from 3 to 5.5 times, arsenic — from 2 to 4.4 times, chromium — 2.1 to 36.6 times, cobalt — from 1.3 to 2.8 times, benzo(a)pyrene — from 1 to 4.4 times. According to class of danger to human health RVC discharges waste in four cities refer to  hazard class 2 — highly hazardous waste, and on the basis of indices, the  total index of hazard waste for the environment to hazard class 4 — low hazard waste. Mandatory collection and removal from RVC from urban areas is recommended. It is necessary to perform additional studies to assess of migration-water hazard index RVC discharges with the aim of the determination of regulations for its disposal and storage outside the city.