Sanitary and hygienic assessment of working conditions of civil aviation pilots

Introduction. The analysis of working conditions of pilots of civil aviation aircraft has been carried out according to the data of sanitary and hygienic characteristics (SHC). The non-compliances with hygiene standards for several factors have been established at the same time in all SHC.

The aim. The analysis of working conditions of pilots of civil aviation aircraft, the identification of main disadvantages in filling out SHC and the offering of elaboration of special form of SHC for pilots and updated instructions about the rules for filling it out.

Materials and methods. The 220 SHC of pilots, who had been examined in the clinic of the Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health due to suspicion of occupation disease from 2015 to 2019, conducting flights by plane (49%) and helicopter (51%) were analyzed. The methods of account of acoustic load, hygiene assessment and classification of working conditions, peer review methods, and statistical treatment methods have been used. 

Results. The working conditions, according to the criteria of the Guide R 2.2.2006-05, are assigned to the following classes: 3.2 — in 26%; 3.3 — in 41%; 3.4 — in 33%. Exceeding the permissible equivalent noise levels was recorded at 92% of workplaces. According to SHC, the exceedances were from 1.2 dB to 34.5 dB (class 3.1-3.4). In assessing the work intensity in 83% of cases from 5 to 11 indicators of class 3.2 were recorded. It has determined class 3.3 of work intensity. The levels of general vibration exceeded hygiene standards in 48% of cases (class 3.1- 3.2), local vibration — in 8% (class 3.1-3.2), microclimate parameters — in 67% (class 3.1-3.2), labour severity — in 22% (class 3.1-3.3), less often there were discrepancies in light (6%) and chemical factor (2%).

Conclusion. According to a combination of factors, the overall assessment of working conditions of the pilots of civil aviation aircraft in 74% of cases is assigned to classes 3.3-3.4. However, the disadvantages and errors in filling out the SHC can underestimate the degree of harmfulness of the work. To improve the procedure of establishing the connection between the disease, and the profession it is necessary to amend the legislative framework to obtain objective information about the levels of factors affecting pilots, develop a separate form of SHC of working conditions of pilots, detailed instructions about the rules of filling out SHC.

Contribution.

Bukhtiyarov I.V. — concept and design of the study, writing the text, discussion, conclusions;

Zibarev E.V. — collection and processing of material, editing, writing the final version of the article;

Kuryerov N.N. — preparation of materials on the relevance of the problem of assessing the acoustic load;

Immel O.V. — collection and processing of material, statistical processing, text writing.

All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The work was carried out within the framework of the state task № АААА-А19-119030190044-0

Received: March 18, 2021 / Accepted: September 28, 2021 / Published: October 31, 2021