Assessment of the annual trend of chemical aerogenic risk to health and mortality of the population at an industrial center

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Introduction. Ambient air pollution determines high levels of risk to public health, causing excess mortality.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the dependence of the seasonal dynamics of pollutants and mortality from major non-infectious diseases in the population of the industrial center of Eastern Siberia.

Materials and methods. Air pollution in Bratsk was assessed based on data from monitoring systems for 2017–2022, taking into account one-time, average monthly and annual concentrations. Hazard indices and mortality rates (MR) from major causes were calculated. The annual trend in indicators are assessed using seasonality indices (SI).

Results. Features of the seasonal dynamics of pollutants were revealed: maximum fluctuations in SI are characteristic of benzo(a)pyrene (22% in the warm season, 214% in the cold season), formaldehyde (219 and 65%, respectively). The SI for mortality had significant fluctuations throughout the year and varied across age groups and disease classes. Changes in seasonality have been noted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Average monthly MR in the older group is associated with concentrations of PM2.5, formaldehyde, NO2.

Limitations of the study are related to the limited data on monitoring pollutants, inevitable errors in conditional division into seasons, and the impossibility of accurately determining the cause of death during a pandemic.

Conclusion. The use of average monthly data on MR values and pollutant concentrations confirms the dependence of population mortality on air pollution when studying this phenomenon in medium-sized cities with high levels of hazard indices.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require submission of the opinion of the biomedical ethics committee or other documents.

Contributions:
Efimova N.V. — the concept and design of the study, writing the text, editing;
Kuzmina M.V. — collection of material and data processing, editing;
Bobkova E.V. — collection of material and data processing, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, the Centre Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Irkutsk region.

Received: October 9, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

作者简介

Natalia Efimova

East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research; Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Irkutsk Region

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: medecolab@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7218-2147

MD, PhD, DSci., Professor, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of environmental and hygienic research East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, 665827, Angarsk, Russian Federation

e-mail: medecolab@inbox.ru

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Marina Kuzmina

Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Irkutsk Region

Email: sgmirkutsk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5723-839X

Руководитель отдела санитарно-эпидемиологических экспертиз ФБУЗ «Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Иркутской области», 664047, Иркутск

e-mail: sgmirkutsk@mail.ru

俄罗斯联邦

Elena Bobkova

East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research; Medical Information and Analytical Center of the Irkutsk Region

Email: evb@miac-io.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8914-7903

Заместитель директора по медицинской статистике ОГКУЗ «Медицинский информационно-аналитический центр Иркутской области», 664003, Иркутск

e-mail: evb@miac-io.ru

俄罗斯联邦

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