The nitrogen deficiency influence on the growth and development of spring two-nuclear barley varieties grown under photoculture conditions

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Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study, the effect of N deficiency in irrigation solutions on the structural and functional characteristics of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), the Oplot variety under controlled environmental conditions, in comparison with the structural and functional characteristics of Takmak barley, which has been the standard in all variety testing sites of the Krasnoyarsk Territory since 2022. The plants were grown under light culture conditions using hydroponics on expanded clay with constant environmental conditions at a photoperiod day/night of 17h / 7h, respectively. The basis for the preparation of irrigation solutions was Knop solution (control) and a solution in which, in order to reduce the concentration of N-NO3, the salt content was changed 2 times so as not to change the concentration of other macronutrients. A comparison of the rate of absorption of macronutrients by barley plants of the Oplot and Takmak varieties, depending on the composition of the irrigation solution, shows a higher demand of the barley of the Oplot variety for the presence of mineral nutrition elements in the irrigation solution in comparison with the barley of the Takmak variety. The deficiency of N in the irrigation solution led to a decrease in total tillering by about 2.5 times, but productive tillering in the barley of the Oplot variety decreased to a greater extent than in the barley of the Takmak variety. When growing on Knop solution the barley of the Oplot variety showed higher productivity than the barley of the Takmak variety. When grown on solutions with a deficiency of N, the grain yield of the barley of the Oplot variety decreased by 2.8 times, and in the barley of the Takmak variety, the differences between the control and experimental variants were unreliable. The barley of the Takmak variety showed higher resistance to N deficiency in the irrigation solution, thereby showing higher plasticity compared to the barley of the Oplot variety.

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About the authors

N. A. Surin

Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture – Division of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the RAS”

Email: sofya-ushakova@yandex.ru

Academician of the RAS

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

S. A. Gerasimov

Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture – Division of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the RAS”

Email: sofya-ushakova@yandex.ru

PhD in Agricultural Sciences

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

A. G. Lipshin

Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture – Division of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the RAS”

Email: sofya-ushakova@yandex.ru

PhD in Agricultural Sciences

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

S. A. Ushakova

Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS RF”

Email: sofya-ushakova@yandex.ru

PhD in Biological Sciences

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

A. A. Tikhomirov

Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS RF”; M.F. Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology

Email: sofya-ushakova@yandex.ru

Grand PhD in Biological Sciences

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk; Krasnoyarsk

V. V. Velichko

Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS RF”; M.F. Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology

Email: sofya-ushakova@yandex.ru

PhD in Biological Sciences

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk; Krasnoyarsk

I. V. Gribovskaya

Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS RF”

Author for correspondence.
Email: sofya-ushakova@yandex.ru

PhD in Biological Sciences

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

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2. Fig. 1. Absorption of macroelements by barley plants of the Oplot and Takmak varieties during growth and development, depending on the concentration of N-NO3 in the irrigation solution. The average values ​​of the indicators are indicated above the columns of the diagrams (the same in Fig. 2–7).

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3. Fig. 2. Transition to the next phase of development (days from germination) and the number of shoots depending on the concentration of N-NO3 in the irrigation solution.

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4. Fig. 3. Aboveground mass of barley plants of the Oplot and Takmak varieties, depending on the growth phase and N-NO3 concentration in the nutrient solution.

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5. Fig. 4. Characteristics of the leaves of the upper tier of the main shoot of barley plants of the Oplot and Takmak varieties, depending on the concentration of N-NO3 in the nutrient solution.

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6. Fig. 5. The content of chlorophylls in the leaves of the upper tier of the main shoot of barley plants of the Oplot and Takmak varieties, depending on the concentration of N-NO3 in the nutrient solution.

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7. Fig. 6. The ratio of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of the upper tier of the main shoot of barley plants of the Oplot and Takmak varieties, depending on the concentration of N-NO3 in the nutrient solution.

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8. Fig. 7. Biochemical composition of grain of barley plants of the Oplot and Takmak varieties depending on the concentration of N-NO3 in the nutrient solution.

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