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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Архив акушерства и гинекологии им. В.Ф. Снегирева</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-8726</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1386</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">691730</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/aog691730</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">JVPJVV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 at different gestational ages and disease severities</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Перинатальные исходы у беременных, перенёсших COVID-19 в различные гестационные сроки и с разной степенью тяжести</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>不同孕周及不同病情严重程度COVID-19感染孕妇的围产结局</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-1741</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8225-2239</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinchikhin</surname><given-names>Sergey P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синчихин</surname><given-names>Сергей Петрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sinchikhin</surname><given-names>Sergey P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>doc_sinchihin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4326-5101</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5178-1641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Мария Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>kuz188@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0030-2389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasri</surname><given-names>Onsi</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насри</surname><given-names>Онси</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Nasri</surname><given-names>Onsi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Nasri.onsi@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-4802</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4634-6026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernikina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черникина</surname><given-names>Ольга Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Chernikina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>chernikina0@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3949-4349</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5119-1348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alexandrova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Alexandrova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>es.sinchikhina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3428-7895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Magakyan</surname><given-names>Gevork O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магакян</surname><given-names>Геворк Оганесович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Magakyan</surname><given-names>Gevork O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>magakyan_02@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Astrakhan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Астраханский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Astrakhan State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saratov State Medical University n.a. V.I. Razumovsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Saratov State Medical University n.a. V.I. Razumovsky</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian National Research Medical University n.a. N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Russian National Research Medical University n.a. N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-12-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>443</fpage><lpage>450</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-07"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-17"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-01-09"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/691730">https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/691730</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Investigation of the impact of gestational age and the severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on pregnancy outcomes is of particular importance in the context of the continuing relevance of this issue, as well as for the development of preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To evaluate perinatal outcomes in pregnant women who developed COVID-19 at different gestational ages and with varying degrees of disease severity.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> Perinatal outcomes were analyzed in pregnant women from three clinical groups: group 1, patients who developed COVID-19 during the first trimester (<italic>n</italic> = 119); group 2, patients infected during the second trimester (<italic>n</italic> = 121); group 3, patients infected during the third trimester of pregnancy (<italic>n</italic> = 120). Each clinical group was further divided into three subgroups according to the severity of COVID-19 (mild, moderate, and severe). Statistical analysis of the clinical data was performed using StatSoft software (Russia). Differences were considered statistically significant at <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>The analysis showed that severe SARS-CoV-2 infection occurring in the first trimester of gestation contributes to pregnancy termination in more than 50% of clinical cases. At the same time, patients who had mild COVID-19 in early gestation significantly more frequently delivered infants with normal birth weight and favorable early neonatal adaptation compared with those born to mothers with moderate or severe COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection during the second trimester identified pregnant women as a high-risk group for adverse perinatal outcomes, including fetal growth restriction, and increased the likelihood of complicated early neonatal adaptation. In pregnant women who developed COVID-19 during the third trimester, a high risk of acute fetal hypoxia and abdominal delivery was observed, not only for obstetric indications but also due to a more severe COVID-19 course. The higher rate of preterm birth among infants born to mothers with severe COVID-19 during the second and third trimesters was associated with earlier medically indicated delivery and with pathological maternal changes caused by infection-related hypoxia.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The study demonstrated that the distribution and frequency of perinatal complications depend on both the gestational age and the severity of COVID-19.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Исследование влияния гестационного срока и степени тяжести коронавирусной инфекции 2019 г. (COVID-19) на исходы беременности приобретает особую важность в контексте сохранения актуальности проблемы, разработки стратегий профилактики и лечебной тактики, направленных на снижение неблагоприятных последствий для матери и плода.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценить перинатальные исходы у беременных, перенёсших COVID-19 в различные гестационные сроки и с различной степенью тяжести заболевания.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Проанализированы перинатальные исходы у беременных трёх клинических групп: 1-я группа — 119 пациенток, заболевших новой коронавирусной инфекцией в I триместре беременности; 2-я группа — 121 пациентка, заболевшая во II триместре; 3-я группа — 120 пациенток, заболевших в III триместре. В последующем каждая из клинических групп была разделена на три подгруппы в зависимости от течения COVID-19 (лёгкое, среднее, тяжёлое). Статистическую обработку клинического материала осуществляли с помощью программного обеспечения<italic> «</italic>StatSoft<italic>» (Россия).</italic> Статистически значимыми считали различия при <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,05.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Проведённый анализ показал, что заболевание, связанное с инфицированием SARS-CoV-2 и перенесённое в I триместре гестации в тяжёлой форме, способствует прерыванию беременности более чем в ٥٠٪ клинических случаев. При этом у пациенток, перенёсших заболевание в раннем гестационном сроке в лёгкой степени тяжести, достоверно чаще рождались дети с нормальной массой тела и благоприятным течением ранней неонатальной адаптации, в сравнении с детьми, рождёнными от матерей, у которых течение COVID-19 протекало в средней и тяжёлой формах. Инфицирование SARS-CoV-2 во II триместре характеризует беременных как группу с высоким риском неблагоприятных перинатальных исходов, с синдромом задержки развития плода и может повысить вероятность напряжённого течения ранней неонатальной адаптации у новорождённых. У беременных, перенёсших заболевание в III гестационном триместре, имеется высокий риск развития острой гипоксии у плода и абдоминального родоразрешения не только по акушерским показаниям, но и в связи ухудшением течения коронавирусного заболевания. Более высокая частота недоношенности у детей от матерей, инфицированных во II и III триместрах с тяжёлой формой COVID-19, связана с более ранними сроками родоразрешения по медицинским показаниям, а также с патологическими изменениями в организме матери из-за гипоксии на фоне инфекции.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Исследование показало зависимость структуры и частоты перинатальных осложнений от гестационного срока развития и степени тяжести течения COVID-19.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。研究妊娠孕周及2019冠状病毒感染（COVID-19）病情严重程度对妊娠结局的影响，对于在该问题仍具有现实意义的背景下，制定预防策略和治疗战术、降低母体与胎儿不良结局具有重要价值。</p> <p>目的。评估在不同孕周及不同病情严重程度下罹患COVID-19的孕妇的围产结局。</p> <p>方法。分析三组孕妇的围产结局：第1组为妊娠Ⅰ期罹患COVID-19的119例孕妇；第2组为妊娠Ⅱ期罹患COVID-19的121例孕妇；第3组为妊娠Ⅲ期罹患COVID-19的120例孕妇。随后， 每一临床组根据COVID-19的病程分为三个亚组（轻型、中型、重型）。临床资料的统计学处理采用“StatSoft”（俄罗斯）软件完成。当p＜0.05时，差异被认为具有统计学意义。</p> <p>结果。研究显示，在妊娠Ⅰ期罹患重型SARS-CoV-2感染者，妊娠终止的发生率超过50%。同时，在妊娠早期罹患轻型COVID-19的孕妇，其新生儿正常出生体质量及早期新生儿适应良好情况的发生率，明显高于中型和重型组。妊娠Ⅱ期感染SARS-CoV-2的孕妇属于不良围产结局的高风险人群，易发生胎儿生长受限综合征，并可能增加新生儿早期适应不良的发生率。妊娠Ⅲ期罹患COVID-19的孕妇，存在胎儿急性缺氧及腹式分娩的高风险，该风险不仅与产科指征有关，也与冠状病毒感染病情加重有关。在妊娠Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期罹患重型COVID-19的孕妇，其新生儿早产发生率较高，这与医学指征下的提前分娩以及感染相关缺氧背景下母体的病理改变有关。</p> <p>结论。研究结果表明，围产期并发症的结构及发生频率依赖于COVID-19的感染孕周及其病程严重程度。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>perinatal outcomes</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>перинатальные исходы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>妊娠</kwd><kwd>围产结局</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Czeresnia RM, Trad ATA, Britto ISW, et al. 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