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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Архив акушерства и гинекологии им. В.Ф. Снегирева</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-8726</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1386</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">643352</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/aog643352</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of professional sports in the development of menstrual function and associated disorders in female adolescents</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль профессионального спорта в формировании менструальной функции и сопутствующих нарушений у девочек-подростков</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>职业体育对青春期少女月经功能形成及相关异常的影响</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0818-3242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safonova</surname><given-names>Olga D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафонова</surname><given-names>Ольга Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Safonova</surname><given-names>Olga D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>safonowa17@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0111-7960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malashenkova</surname><given-names>Sofya D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малашенкова</surname><given-names>Софья Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Malashenkova</surname><given-names>Sofya D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nikeshina-sofya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2398-3348</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3264-0730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baburin</surname><given-names>Dmitrii V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабурин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Baburin</surname><given-names>Dmitrii V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>baburin_d_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-1932</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3002-6388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Svidinskaya</surname><given-names>Evgeniya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свидинская</surname><given-names>Евгения Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Svidinskaya</surname><given-names>Evgeniya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant</p></bio><email>svidinskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1732-6870</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6313-9959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosnova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соснова</surname><given-names>Елена Алексеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sosnova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>sosnova-elena@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8715-2020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2857-0309</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>Vladimir M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев</surname><given-names>Владимир Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>Vladimir M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>vlzuev@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-02-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-23"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-01-14"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-04-11"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/643352">https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/643352</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In Russia, 2024 has marked a significant push for the integration of sports into daily life. Currently, approximately 70 million people in the country participate in physical activities, with children’s and youth sports experiencing rapid development. Numerous new sports facilities are being built across the country. As more young athletes are entering professional sports, studying the impact of prolonged and intensive physical training on the reproductive health of young female athletes has become a pressing concern for obstetricians and gynecologists.</p> <p>It is well recognized that the age at which regular training begins can significantly affect menstrual cycle disturbances. Early exposure to intensive physical activity, especially during the onset of puberty, can negatively impact the hormonal regulation of the reproductive system in adolescent girls. It is crucial to maintain a balance between training and rest during adolescence to avoid overtraining and energy deficiencies. This raises the question: Which sports have the greatest impact on menstrual dysfunction and contribute to long-term adverse effects on female health?</p> <p>A review of the literature shows that the study of female professional sports has been actively pursued for the last 25–30 years. Numerous studies have been published on the reproductive health of female athletes. However, these studies have generally focused on a narrow age range and involved a limited number of participants. These limitations make systematic reviews and meta-analyses difficult, particularly regarding the pubertal and early reproductive periods across different sports.</p> <p>A search of PubMed and eLibrary databases did not uncover recent (within the past five years) studies that could answer our questions comprehensively. As a result, we analyzed global literature to identify which sports require more frequent gynecological monitoring and potentially a precision-based approach for young female athletes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В России 2024 г. был ознаменован активной пропагандой внедрения спорта в повседневную жизнь населения. На сегодняшний день физической культурой и спортом в стране занимаются около 70 млн человек, широко развивается детский и юношеский спорт, строится большое количество новых спортивных объектов по всей России. Всё больше молодых атлетов приходят в профессиональный спорт. Изучение последствий воздействия длительных и интенсивных физических нагрузок на репродуктивное здоровье молодых спортсменок является актуальной проблемой для врачей-акушеров-гинекологов.</p> <p>Не вызывает сомнений, что возраст начала регулярных тренировок может оказывать существенное влияние на нарушения менструального цикла. Раннее воздействие на организм интенсивных физических нагрузок, особенно в период начала полового созревания, может отрицательно влиять на гормональную регуляцию системы репродукции девочек-подростков. В подростковом возрасте чрезвычайно важно соблюдать баланс между тренировками и отдыхом, чтобы избежать перегрузок и дефицита энергии. Мы задались вопросом: а какие виды спорта оказывают наибольшее влияние на нарушение становления менструальной функции и развитие дальнейших неблагоприятных последствий для женского организма?</p> <p>Поиск показал, что тема женского профессионального спорта стала активно изучаться около 25–30 лет назад. За это время опубликовано большое количество исследований, посвящённых репродуктивному здоровью девушек-спортсменок. К сожалению, эти исследования имели узкую направленность в возрастном аспекте и небольшое количество участниц. Данные особенности не позволяют провести систематические обзорные исследования либо метаанализ относительно групп пубертатного и раннего репродуктивного периодов в различных видах спорта.</p> <p>Поиск по базам данных PubMed и eLibrary не обнаружил современных (не старше 5 лет) исследований, которые могли бы ответить на поставленные нами вопросы. Было решено проанализировать данные мировой литературы и выявить виды спорта, при занятии которыми девушки должны чаще попадать в поле зрения гинеколога и, возможно, иметь прецизионный подход.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>2024年，俄罗斯大力倡导体育运动融入日常生活。目前，全国约有7000万人参与体育运动，青少年体育蓬勃发展，全国范围内建造了大量新的体育设施。越来越多的年轻运动员进入职业体育领域。因此，长期高强度体育训练对年轻女性运动员生殖健康的影响，成为产科和妇科医生关注的重要问题。</p> <p>毫无疑问，规律性训练的起始年龄可能对月经周期紊乱产生重要影响。尤其是在青春期早期，剧烈的体育训练可能对少女生殖系统的激素调控造成负面影响。在青春期阶段，保持训练与休息的平衡至关重要，以避免过度训练和能量缺乏。基于此，我们探讨了哪些体育项目对月经功能的建立影响最大，并可能导致女性健康的长期不良后果。</p> <p>研究表明，女性职业体育对生殖健康的影响大约在25–30年前开始受到广泛关注，并在此期间发表了大量相关研究。然而，这些研究往往局限于特定年龄段，样本量较小。这些局限性使得难以开展系统性综述研究或针对青春期及生育早期女性在不同体育项目中的影响进行荟萃分析。</p> <p>在PubMed和eLibrary数据库的检索结果显示，近5年内尚无最新研究能够直接回答我们提出的问题。因此，我们决定分析全球文献数据，以明确哪些体育项目的年轻女性运动员应受到更多妇科关注，并可能需要更精确的医学管理。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>puberty</kwd><kwd>menstrual disorders</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd><kwd>RED-S</kwd><kwd>youth sports</kwd><kwd>literature review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>половое созревание</kwd><kwd>нарушения менструации</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd><kwd>RED-S</kwd><kwd>юношеский спорт</kwd><kwd>научный обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>青春期</kwd><kwd>月经紊乱</kwd><kwd>不孕症</kwd><kwd>RED-S</kwd><kwd>青少年体育</kwd><kwd>科学综述</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ackerman KE, Misra M. 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