<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Архив акушерства и гинекологии им. В.Ф. Снегирева</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-8726</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1386</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">637211</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/aog637211</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical and diagnostic significance of risk factors for histopathologically confirmed uterine rupture after Сesarean section</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинико-диагностическое значение факторов риска гистопатического разрыва матки после операции кесарева сечения</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕破裂的组织病理学风险因素的临床诊断价值</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-4929</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8626-7555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezhenar</surname><given-names>Vitaly F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беженарь</surname><given-names>Виталий Фёдорович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bezhenar</surname><given-names>Vitaly F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p>
<p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>bez-vitaly@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4378-6424</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3403-7620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>Maria L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Мария Львовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>Maria L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>mariaro@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7558-7657</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4158-6201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterov</surname><given-names>Igor M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеров</surname><given-names>Игорь Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Nesterov</surname><given-names>Igor M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>ignester@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1282-4544</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5577-2848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabelova</surname><given-names>Karina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габелова</surname><given-names>Карина Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gabelova</surname><given-names>Karina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>kgabelova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-6375</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Meznikov</surname><given-names>Alexander А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мезников</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Meznikov</surname><given-names>Alexander А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Lecturer</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Assistant Lecturer</p></bio><email>alexm2103@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2457-1169</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7424-5760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyakova</surname><given-names>Ludmila A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белякова</surname><given-names>Людмила Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Belyakova</surname><given-names>Ludmila A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Senior Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Senior Research Associate</p></bio><email>belmil@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5634-8303</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8680-2150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rukoyatkina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рукояткина</surname><given-names>Елена Алексеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Rukoyatkina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>e.a.ryk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Maternity Hospital No. 16</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Родильный дом № 16</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Maternity Hospital No. 16</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-02-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-18"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-09"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-04-11"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/637211">https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/637211</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: Attempts to predict the outcomes of vaginal delivery in women with a uterine scar after cesarean section using highly informative predictors and prognostic models remain highly relevant.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold>: To demonstrate the significance of antenatal risk assessment for histopathologically confirmed uterine rupture using a scoring system in women with a uterine scar after cesarean section.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold>: A retrospective multicenter comparative study was conducted on pregnancy and delivery records of 288 patients with a uterine scar after cesarean section. Antenatal risk assessment for histopathologically confirmed uterine rupture was performed using a clinical scoring system (≥5 points=high risk; &lt;5 points=low risk). Group 1 included 135 patients (≥5 points) who underwent elective cesarean delivery; group 2 included 57 patients (&lt;5 points) who underwent elective cesarean section due to obstetric indications; group 3 included 66 patients (&lt;5 points) who delivered vaginally. Group 4 (<italic>n=</italic>27) was formed to assess the probability of histopathologically confirmed uterine rupture and included cases of scar rupture after cesarean section. The predictive quality of the scoring system was evaluated using ROC analysis, and the significance of each criterion was assessed in relation to uterine rupture. Histopathological examination of the myometrium from the lower uterine segment was performed.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold>: No significant differences in perinatal outcomes were observed among groups 1, 2, and 3. Factors significantly associated with uterine rupture (<italic>p </italic>&lt;0.0001) included emergency cesarean section, anemia during pregnancy and the postoperative period, pathological blood loss (&gt;1000 mL), and two or more previous cesarean sections. ROC analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 77.8%, specificity of 95.5%, and accuracy of 83.7%, indicating an excellent predictive quality of the scoring system. The optimal cutoff point was determined to be 6.5.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold>: The scoring system accurately predicts histopathologically confirmed uterine rupture, as validated by histopathological examination. A high risk of histopathologically confirmed uterine rupture along the scar following cesarean section is associated with a score of 6 or higher.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Попытки прогнозирования исходов вагинальных родов у женщин с рубцом на матке после операции кесарева сечения на основе высокоинформативных предикторов и моделей прогнозирования остаются крайне актуальными.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold>. Показать значимость антенатальной оценки риска гистопатического разрыва матки по оценочным критериям в баллах у женщин с рубцом после операции кесарева сечения.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Проведено ретроспективное многоцентровое сравнительное исследование историй беременности и родов 288 пациенток с рубцом на матке после кесарева сечения. Антенатальная оценка риска гистопатического разрыва матки выполнена по оценочным критериям в балльной системе клиники (5 баллов и более — высокий риск разрыва, менее 5 баллов — низкий риск). В 1-ю группу вошли 135 пациенток (≥5 баллов) с родоразрешением путём операции кесарева сечения в плановом порядке; во 2-ю — 57 пациенток (&lt;5 баллов) с родоразрешением путём операции кесарева сечения в плановом порядке по акушерским показаниям; в 3-ю — 66 пациенток (&lt;5 баллов) с родоразрешением через естественные родовые пути. Для оценки вероятности гистопатического разрыва матки сформирована 4-я группа (<italic>n</italic>=27) с разрывом матки по рубцу после операции кесарева сечения. Для оценки прогностического качества показателя «балл» проведён ROC-анализ. Значимость каждого оценочного критерия исследована в связи с разрывом. Проведено патоморфологическое исследование миометрия из зоны нижнего сегмента матки.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Не показано значимых отличий в перинатальных исходах в 1, 2 и 3-й группах. Значимо связаны с разрывом (<italic>р </italic>&lt;0,0001) оказались экстренное кесарево сечение, анемия при беременности и в послеоперационном периоде, патологическая кровопотеря (более 1000 мл), две и более операции кесарева сечения. ROC-анализ показал чувствительность — 77,8%, специфичность — 95,5%, точность — 83,7%, то есть «отличное» прогностическое качество показателя «балл». Оптимальная точка отсечения составила 6,5.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Балльная оценка достаточно точно прогнозирует гистопатический разрыв, что подтверждено морфологическим исследованием. Высокий риск гистопатического разрыва матки по рубцу после операции кесарева сечения возникает при оценке рубца в 6 баллов и более.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>背景。在剖宫产术后具有子宫瘢痕的女性中，基于高信息量预测因子和预测模型对经阴道分娩结局进行预测仍然是一个重要的研究方向。</p> <p>目的。评估剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕女性的组织病理学破裂风险，并通过评分标准强调产前评估的重要性。</p> <p>材料与方法。本研究为一项回顾性多中心比较研究，分析了288例剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕女性的妊娠及分娩病历。对子宫瘢痕破裂风险的产前评估基于评分系统（≥5分为高风险，&lt;5分为低风险）。第1组（n=135）评分≥5分，接受择期剖宫产； 第2组（n=57）评分&lt;5分，但因产科指征接受择期剖宫产；第3组（n=66）评分&lt;5分，经阴道分娩。第4组（n=27）剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕破裂患者（用于评估瘢痕破裂发生的概率）。研究进行了ROC曲线分析，以评估评分系统的预测能力，并分析各评分指标与子宫瘢痕破裂的相关性。此外，对子宫下段瘢痕部位的子宫肌层进行了组织病理学研究。</p> <p>结果。第1、2、3组的围产期结局无显著差异。然而，紧急剖宫产、孕期及术后贫血、异常大出血（&gt;1000 ml）、两次及以上剖宫产手术与子宫瘢痕破裂显著相关（p&lt;0.0001）。ROC分析显示，评分系统的敏感度为77.8%，特异度为95.5%，准确度为83.7%，表明评分系统具有“优秀”的预测能力。最佳评分截断值为6.5分。</p> <p>结论。评分系统能够较准确地预测组织病理学破裂风险，这一结论得到了组织学研究的证实。当评分≥6分时，剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕破裂的风险显著增加。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cesarean section</kwd><kwd>uterine scar</kwd><kwd>vaginal birth after cesarean</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кесарево сечение</kwd><kwd>рубец на матке</kwd><kwd>роды с рубцом на матке</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>剖宫产</kwd><kwd>子宫瘢痕</kwd><kwd>瘢痕子宫分娩</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Vuchenovich YuD, Ziyadinov AA, Novikova VA, Radzinsky VE. Predicting attempted vaginal labor after cesarean section. Obstetrics and Gynecology. News. Views. Education. 2020;8(3):39–46. doi: 10.24411/2303-9698-2020-13005 EDN: STTYBG</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Noznitseva ON, Bezhenar VF. The niche in the uterine cesarean scar: a new problem of women’s reproductive health. Journal of Obstetrics and Womans Diseases. 2020;69(1):53–62. doi: 10.17816/JOWD69153-62 EDN: KHEOSC</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Patel MD, Maitra N, Patel PK, et al. Predicting successful trial of labor after cesarean delivery: evaluation of two scoring systems. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2018;68(4):276–282. doi: 10.1007/s13224-017-1031-2</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Bezhenar VF, Nesterov IM, Pryalukhin IA. Obstetric audit of cesarean sections according to M. Robson classification criteria — the experience of St. Petersburg in 2020–2021. Journal of Obstetrics and Womans Diseases. 2022;71(2):7–16. doi: 10.17816/JOWD101633 EDN: ZPZTTP</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Galustyan MV, Kutsenko II, Borovikov IO, Magay AS. Opportunities for predicting cesarean scar insufficiency. Medical Herald of The South of Russia. 2021;12(1):54–61. doi: 10.21886/2219-8075-2021-12-1-54-61 EDN: OUMEXR</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Martynov SA, Adamyan LV. Cesarean scar defect: terminological aspects. Gynecology. 2020;22(5):70–75. doi: 10.26442/20795696.2020.5.200415 EDN: CEPKDA</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Sidorova TA, Martynov SA. Risk factors and mechanisms of uterine scar defects formation after caesarean section: a review. Gynecology. 2022;24(1):11–17. doi: 10.26442/20795696.2022.1.201356 EDN: CXYUQG</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Varvoutis MS, Sayres LC, Dotters-Katz SK. Is early amniotomy associated with higher likelihood of vaginal birth after cesarean? AJP Rep. 2020;10:e37–e41. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1702924</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Xu P, Feng Y, Shen H, et al. Verification a model of predicting vaginal birth after cesarean delivery in Chinese pregnant women. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(52):e18421. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018421</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Bezhenar VF, Nesterov IM. Advanced clinical practices and technologies in obstetrics: clinical guidance (algorithms for diagnosis and treatment). St. Petersburg: PSBGMU; 2019. 433 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Clinical recommendations “Postoperative scar on the uterus, requiring the provision of medical care to the mother during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period”. Moscow; 2021, 40 р. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Tekelioğlu M, Karataş S, Güralp O, et al. Incomplete healing of the uterine incision after elective second cesarean section. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021;34(6):943–947. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1622676</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Vikhareva O, Rickle GS, Lavesson T, et al. Hysterotomy level at Cesarean section and occurrence of large scar defects: a randomized single-blind trial. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2019;53(4):438–442. doi: 10.1002/uog.20184</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Fotina EV, Zakirova RR, Alekseenkova MV, Panina OB. Connective tissue dysplasia in the genesis of cervical incompetence. Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction. 2021;15(1):41–50. doi: 10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2021.131</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Kuzin MI, Kostyuchenok BM. Wounds and wound infection: a manual for doctors. Moscow: Medicine; 1990. P. 38–82. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Donnez O. Cesarean scar defects: management of an iatrogenic pathology whose prevalence has dramatically increased. Fertil Steril. 2020;113(4):704–716. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.01.037 EDN: KHDZIY</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Polyanin DV, Mikhelson AA, Melkozerova OA, Lukianova KD. Discussion issues of incompetent uterine scar in the era of the caesarian section epidemic. Ural Medical Journal. 2019;(5):17–22. doi: 10.25694/URMJ.2019.05.30 EDN: RTCDFK</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Arusi TT, Zewdu Assefa D, Gutulo MG, Gensa Geta T. Predictors of uterine rupture after one previous cesarean section: an unmatched case-control study. Int J Womens Health. 2023;15:1491–1500. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S427749</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Savina LV, Yaschuk AG, Maslennikov AV, et al. Risk factors of uterus scar insolvency after a c-section operation. International Research Journal. 2022;(6-2):107–112. doi: 10.23670/IRJ.2022.120.6.050 EDN: QGHMGX</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Kafkasli A, Franklin RR, Sauls D. Endometriosis in the uterine wall cesarean section scar. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation.1996;42(3):211–213.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Tanimura S, Funamoto H, Hosono T, et al. New diagnostic criteria and operative strategy for cesarean scar syndrome: Endoscopic repair for secondary infertility caused by cesarean scar defect. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2015;41(9):1363–1369. doi: 10.1111/jog.12738</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Donnez O, Donnez J, Orellana R, Dolmans MM. Gynecological and obstetrical outcomes after laparoscopic repair of a cesarean scar defect in a series of 38 women. Fertil Steril. 2017;107(1):289–96.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.033</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Tsuji S, Takahashi A, Higuchi A, et al. Pregnancy outcomes after hysteroscopic surgery in women with cesarean scar syndrome. PLoS One. 2020;15(12):e0243421. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243421</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Vuchenovich YuD, Olenev AS, Novikova VA, Radzinsky VE. Cesarean section: border risks and safety. Obstetrics and Gynecology. News. Views. Education. 2019;7(3):93–101. doi: 10.24411/2303-9698-2019-13014 EDN: LXUIEE</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Pachkovskaya OYu, Igitova MB, Dmitrienko KV. Possibilities of natural delivery in women with uterus scar considering perinatal risks. Far Eastern Medical Journal. 2021;(3):58–62. doi: 10.35177/1994-5191-2021-3-58-62 EDN: DNWZCR</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Kuznetsova NB, Ilyasova GM, Bushtyreva IO, et al. Risk factors for vaginal delivery after cesarean section. Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya. 2023;(10):78–85 doi: 10.18565/aig.2023.121 EDN: PVCNUK</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
