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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Архив акушерства и гинекологии им. В.Ф. Снегирева</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-8726</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1386</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">623622</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/aog623622</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Epigenetic mechanisms of preeclampsia: Role of plasma microRNAs</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпигенетические механизмы развития преэклампсии: роль плазменных микроРНК</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>子痫前期的表观遗传学机制：血浆microRNA的作用</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8659-9963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>natnikitina@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2209-8662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorova</surname><given-names>Iraida S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидорова</surname><given-names>Ираида Степановна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sidorova</surname><given-names>Iraida S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>sidorovais@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0527-7773</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Raygorodskaya</surname><given-names>Maria P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Райгородская</surname><given-names>Мария Павловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Raygorodskaya</surname><given-names>Maria P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Research Associate</p></bio><email>maria.raygorodskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1670-9044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Graduate Student</p></bio><email>drstrelnikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7380-9255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>Sergej A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>Сергей Анатольевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>Sergej A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department Assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Department Assistant</p></bio><email>satimofeev30@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-804X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageev</surname><given-names>Mikhail B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеев</surname><given-names>Михаил Борисович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Ageev</surname><given-names>Mikhail B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры</p></bio><email>mikhaageev@ua.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7446-3995</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Amiraslanova</surname><given-names>Nigar I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амирасланова</surname><given-names>Нигяр Ильхамовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Amiraslanova</surname><given-names>Nigar I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Resident</p></bio><email>amiraslanova00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена — филиал Национального медицинского исследовательского центра радиологии</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute — Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-06-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-07-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>179</fpage><lpage>192</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-18"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-02-06"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-07-11"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/623622">https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/623622</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Despite the retentive relevance of preeclampsia (PE) among the main causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, its etiology remains unclear. Despite gaps in its pathophysiology, highly effective methods of prognosis, prevention, and treatment are still not devised yet. In recent years, the use of microRNA molecules that epigenetically control the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level received great interest as are they of key importance in the proliferation, differentiation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of trophoblast cells and regulation of angiogenesis, immune response, and other processes during pregnancy</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>This study aimed to investigate the epigenetic mechanisms of PE development based on the evaluation of the expression of pathogenetically significant microRNAs in women’s blood plasma.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </bold>The study included 62 female patients divided into the main study group (<italic>n</italic>=42 with PE) and the control group (n = 20 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy, childbirth, and post-natal period). All patients have undergone general clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examinations. The expression levels of 15 microRNAs in the blood plasma were evaluated using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. DIANA miRPath v. 3.0 was used to evaluate the effect of differentially expressed microRNAs on the functioning of signaling pathways. Statistical data analyses were performed using Statistica 6.0.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Multidirectional changes in the expression levels of 13 of 15 plasma microRNAs were found in the PE group compared with the control group; however, the expression levels of the following eight microRNAs decreased significantly: hsa-miR-146a-5p (<italic>p</italic>=0.011), hsa-miR-181a-5p (<italic>p</italic>=0.015), hsa-miR-210-3p (<italic>p</italic>=0.031), hsa-miR-517a-3p (<italic>p</italic>=0.004), hsa-miR-517c-3p (<italic>p</italic>=0.007), hsa-miR-574-3p (<italic>p</italic>=0.048), hsa-miR-574-5p (<italic>p</italic>=0.003), and hsa-miR-1304-5p (<italic>p</italic>=0.001). The expression levels of hsa-miR-20a-5p (FC=0.39; <italic>p</italic>=0.049) and hsa-miR-143-3p (FC=0.71, <italic>p</italic>=0.05) significantly decreased in pregnant women with PE and symptoms of fetal growth retardation (FGR) compared with the subgroup without FGR. No significant differences in the expression level of the analyzed microRNAs were found between the subgroups with moderate and severe PE and early and late PE. The functional evaluation of differentially expressed microRNAs among women with PE, considering the identification of their potential target genes, revealed the dysregulation of &gt;40 signaling pathways and biological processes in which these molecules are involved.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> PE progresses alongside significant epigenetic changes accompanied by changes in the microRNA expression profile, which are associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and placental disorders. The detected differentially expressed microRNAs may be potential diagnostic markers of PE.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Несмотря на сохранение значимости преэклампсии (ПЭ) в структуре основных причин материнской заболеваемости и смертности, остается неясной этиология данного осложнения беременности, много пробелов в вопросах патофизиологии, соответственно по-прежнему не разработаны высокоэффективные методы прогнозирования, профилактики и лечения. В последние годы большой интерес вызывают перспективы использования молекул микроРНК, которые эпигенетически контролируют экспрессию генов-мишеней на посттранскрипционном уровне и имеют ключевое значение в пролиферации, дифференцировке, инвазии, миграции, апоптозе клеток трофобласта, регуляции ангиогенеза, иммунного ответа и других процессов во время беременности.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Изучение эпигенетических механизмов развития ПЭ на основании оценки экспрессии патогенетически значимых микроРНК в плазме крови женщин.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В исследование включены 62 пациентки, которых разделили на основную (42 беременные с ПЭ) и контрольную (20 здоровых женщин с неосложнённым течением беременности, родов и послеродового периода) группы. Всем пациенткам проводили общеклиническое, лабораторное и инструментальное обследование. Уровень экспрессии 15 микроРНК в плазме крови оценивали с помощью количественной полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени. Для оценки влияния дифференциально экспрессируемых микроРНК на функционирование сигнальных путей использовали программное обеспечение DIANA miRPath v.3.0. Статистическую обработку данных проводили с использованием лицензионного пакета программ Statistica 6.0.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> У женщин с ПЭ выявлены разнонаправленные изменения экспрессии 13 из 15 плазменных микроРНК по сравнению с контрольной группой, однако статистически значимо было снижение уровней экспрессии 8 микроРНК: hsa-miR-146a-5p (<italic>р</italic>=0,011), hsa-miR-181a-5p (<italic>р</italic>=0,015), hsa-miR-210-3p (<italic>р</italic>=0,031), hsa-miR-517a-3p (<italic>р</italic>=0,004), hsa-miR-517с-3p (<italic>р</italic>=0,007), hsa-miR-574-3p (<italic>р</italic>=0,048), hsa-miR-574-5p (<italic>р</italic>=0,003), hsa-miR-1304-5p (<italic>р</italic>=0,001). В подгруппе беременных, у которых ПЭ протекала с симптомами задержки роста плода, отмечено значимое снижение экспрессии молекул hsa-miR-20a-5p (FC=0,39; <italic>р</italic>=0,049) и hsa-miR-143-3p (FC=0,71, <italic>р</italic>=0,05) по сравнению с подгруппой без задержки роста плода. Не выявлено значимых различий в уровне экспрессии анализируемых микроРНК между подгруппами с умеренной и тяжёлой ПЭ, ранней и поздней ПЭ. Функциональная оценка дифференциально экспрессируемых микроРНК у женщин с ПЭ с учётом идентификации их потенциальных генов-мишеней показала наличие дисрегуляции более 40 сигнальных путей и биологических процессов, в которые вовлечены указанные молекулы.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Развитие ПЭ сопровождается значимыми эпигенетическими изменениями, при которых изменяется профиль экспрессии микроРНК, ассоциированных с сердечно-сосудистыми и цереброваскулярными заболеваниями, а также плацентарными нарушениями. Выявленные дифференциально экспрессируемые микроРНК могут быть потенциальными диагностическими маркерами ПЭ.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。尽管子痫前期在孕产妇发病率和死亡率的主要原因中一直占有重要地位，但这种妊娠并发症的病因仍不清楚，病理生理学方面也存在许多空白。因此，目前仍未开发出高效的预测、预防和治疗方法。近年来，人们对利用microRNA分子的前景产生了浓厚的兴趣，这些分子在转录后水平对靶基因的表达进行表观遗传学控制，在妊娠期间滋养层细胞的增殖、分化、侵袭、迁移、凋亡、血管生成调控、免疫反应和其他过程中起着关键作用。</p> <p>目的。通过评估妇女血浆中具有重要病理意义的 microRNA 表达，研究子痫前期发生的表观遗传学机制。</p> <p>材料与方法。研究包括62名患者，他们被分为主要组（42名子痫前期孕妇）和对照组（20名无并发症妊娠、分娩和产后健康妇女）。所有患者均接受了一般临床、实验室和仪器检查。通过实时定量聚合酶链反应评估了血浆中15种microRNA的表达水平。使用DIANA miRPath v.3.0软件评估不同表达的microRNA对信号通路功能的影响。使用Statistica 6.0软件许可包进行统计数据处理。</p> <p>结果。与对照组相比，患有子痫前期的妇女血浆中15种microRNA中有13种的表达发生了多向变化。然而，有8种microRNA的表达水平出现了统计学意义上的显著下降： hsa-miR-146a-5p (<italic>p</italic>=0.011), hsa-miR-181a-5p (<italic>p</italic>=0.015), hsa-miR-210-3p (<italic>p</italic>=0.031), hsa-miR-517a-3p (<italic>p</italic>=0.004), hsa-miR-517c-3p (<italic>p</italic>=0.007), hsa-miR-574-3p (<italic>p</italic>=0.048), hsa-miR-574-5p (<italic>p</italic>=0.003), hsa-miR-1304-5p (<italic>p </italic>&lt;0.001). 子痫前期有胎儿生长迟缓症状的孕妇亚组与无胎儿生长迟缓亚组相比，hsa-miR-20a-5p (FC=0.39; <italic>p</italic>=0.049), hsa-miR-143-3p (FC=0.71; <italic>p</italic>=0.05)的表达水平显著下降。在中度和重度子痫前期、早期和晚期子痫前期亚组之间，所分析的microRNA表达水平没有明显差异。对子痫前期妇女体内差异表达的microRNA进行功能评估，并对其潜在靶基因进行鉴定，结果表明这些分子参与的40多种信号通路和生物过程存在失调。</p> <p>结论。子痫前期的发生伴随着显著的表观遗传学变化，其中与心脑血管疾病和胎盘疾病相关的microRNA的表达谱发生了改变。已检测到的差异表达的microRNA可能是子痫前期的潜在诊断标志物。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preeclampsia</kwd><kwd>microRNA</kwd><kwd>transcriptome</kwd><kwd>epigenetics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преэклампсия</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>транскриптом</kwd><kwd>эпигенетика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>子痫前期</kwd><kwd>microRNA</kwd><kwd>转录组</kwd><kwd>表观遗传学</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jung E, Romero R, Yeo L, et al. 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