V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and GynecologyV.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology2313-87262687-1386Eco-Vector4483710.17816/2313-8726-2020-7-3-120-123Research ArticleChronic endometritis and its impact on female reproductive functionSilkinaMarina O.<p>VI-year student of the Medical Faculty No 1 of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</p>mari5555@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6454-1963SosnovaElena A.<p>MD, PhD, Professor</p>sosnova-elena@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1732-6870I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)23092020731201232209202022092020Copyright © 2020, Eco-Vector2020<p><em>Chronic endometritis is a local inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of plasma cells in endometrial stroma regardless of menstrual cycle phase. This diagnosis can be confirmed based only on morphological examination of endometrial biopsy what makes this diagnosis difficult to prove in clinically healthy patients who can not get pregnant or carry a child. According to statistics of the past five years, more than 30% women of reproductive age having repeated implantation failures in IVF cycles and recurrent miscarriages are diagnosed with chronic endometritis. Since this pathology is related to long persistence of microbial associations in uterine cavity, the gold standard of treatment is antibacterial therapy. It is elucidated that during a year after antibiotic treatment the rate of spontaneous pregnancy is increased in more than 60% women compared with women who do not receive treatment regarding chronic endometritis.</em></p>chronic endometritisrepeated implantation failurerecurrent miscarriageantibiotic treatmentpregnancyхронический эндометритповторные неудачи имплантациирецидивирующий выкидышантибиотикотерапиябеременность[Kitaya K., Matsubayashi H., Yamaguchi K., Nishiyama R., Takaya Y., Ishikawa T. et al. Chronic Endometritis: Potential Cause of Infertility and Obstetric and Neonatal Complications. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 2015;75(1):13-22.][Kitaya K., Takeuchi T., Mizuta S., Matsubayashi H., Ishikawa T. Endometritis: new time, new concepts. Fertil. Steril. 2018;110(3): 344-50.][Park H.J., Kim Y.S., Yoon T.K., Lee W.S. Chronic endometritis and infertility. Clin. Experim. Reprod. Med. 2016;43(4):185.][Kimura F., Takebayashi A., Ishida M., Nakamura A., Kitazawa J., Morimune A. et al. Chronic endometritis and its effect on reproduction. Review. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2019;45(5):951-60.][Cicinelli E., Matteo M., Trojano G., Mitola P. C., Tinelli R., Vitagliano A. et al. Chronic endometritis in patients with unexplained infertility: Prevalence and effects of antibiotic treatment on spontaneous conception. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 2017;79(1):e12782.][Koninckx P.R., Ussia A., Tahlak M., Adamyan L., Wattiez A., Martin D.C., Gomel V. Infection as a potential cofactor in the genetic-epigenetic pathophysiology of endometriosis: a systematic review. Facts Views Vis. Obgyn. 2019;11(3):209-16.][Толибова Г.Х. Эндометриальная дисфункция у женщин с бесплодием: патогенетические детерминанты и клинико-морфологическая диагностика: Дисс. ... д-ра мед. наук. СПб.; 2018./Tolibova G.Kh. Endometrial dysfunction in women with infertility: pathogenetic determinants and clinical and morphological diagnostics: Diss. Saint Petersburg; 2018. (In Russ.)][Lucas E.S., Dyer N.P., Murakami K., Hou Lee Y., Chan Y.-W., Grimaldi G. et al. Loss of endometrial plasticity in recurrent pregnancy loss. Stem Cells. 2015;34(2):346-56.][McQueen D.B., Perfetto C.O., Hazard F.K., Lathi R.B. Pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic endometritis and recurrent pregnancy loss. Fertil. Steril. 2015;104(4):927-31.][Cicinelli E., Matteo M., Tinelli R., Lepera A., Alfonso R., Indraccolo U. et al. Prevalence of chronic endometritis in repeated unexplained implantation failure and the IVF success rate after antibiotic therapy. Hum. Reprod. 2015;30(2):323-30.][Johnston-MacAnanny E.B., Hartnett J., Engmann L.L., Nulsen J.C., Sanders M.M., Benadiva C.A. Chronic endometritis is a frequent finding in women with recurrent implantation failure after in vitro fertilization. Fertil. Steril. 2010;93(2):437-41.][Vitagliano A., Saccardi C., Noventa M., Di Spiezio Sardo A., Saccone G., Cicinelli E. et al. Effects of chronic endometritis therapy on in vitro fertilization outcome in women with repeated implantation failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil. Steril. 2018; 110(1):103-12.e1.]