<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Архив акушерства и гинекологии им. В.Ф. Снегирева</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-8726</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1386</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">35394</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18821/2313-8726-2017-4-4-181-186</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">THE ROLE OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN THE RISK STRATIFICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT OF PREECLAMPSIA: THE CLINICIAN’S VIEW</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>РОЛЬ БИОХИМИЧЕСКИХ МАРКЕРОВ В СТРАТИФИКАЦИИ РИСКА РАЗВИТИЯ ПРЕЭКЛАМПСИИ: ВЗГЛЯД КЛИНИЦИСТА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatko</surname><given-names>I. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатко</surname><given-names>И. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Florova</surname><given-names>Violetta S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Флорова</surname><given-names>Виолетта Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, post-graduate student of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Medical Faculty of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант каф. акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии лечебного факультета ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</p></bio><email>florova.violetta@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>A. C</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>А. С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzina</surname><given-names>E. Yu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузина</surname><given-names>Е. Ю</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ltd «Laboratory of the Center for Immunology and Reproduction</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр иммунологии и репродукции, ООО «Лаборатории ЦИР»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 4, NO4 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 4, №4 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>181</fpage><lpage>186</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-21"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/35394">https://archivog.com/2313-8726/article/view/35394</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal mortality and leads to 50-60 thousand deaths annually worldwide, its prevalence in the world is 5-8%. Moreover, this complication is associated with an increased risk of the development of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in the mother and child. Preeclampsia is a multi-systemic syndrome including hereditary and environmental factors in its pathogenesis and pathophysiology, and the only effective method of the treatment is still delivery. Regardless of the time of debut, preeclampsia is often characterized by the relative well-being of a pregnant woman, right up to the development of severe pre-eclampsia. This review is devoted to biochemical markers of the high risk of pre-eclampsia. Of particular interest there is the balance of proangiogenic (PIGF) and anti-angiogenic (sFlt) growth factors at different gestational ages; both the correct interpretation of the sFlt/PIGF balance and the correlation with the history data already allow us to expand the criteria for the prevention of preeclampsia and open up prospects for optimizing obstetric tactics in the third trimester of pregnancy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Преэклампсия является одной из основных причин материнской смертности и приводит к 50-60 тыс. смертей ежегодно во всем мире, её распространённость в мире составляет 5-8%. Более того, данное осложнение связано с повышением риска развития у матери и ребёнка сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и сахарного диабета. Преэклампсия - мультисистемный синдром, включающий наследственные факторы и факторы окружающей среды в свой патогенез и патофизиологию, а единственным эффективным методом лечения до сих пор остаётся родоразрешение. Независимо от времени дебюта преэклампсия зачастую характеризуется относительным благополучием самочувствия беременной женщины вплоть до развития тяжёлой степени преэклампсии. Данный обзор посвящен биохимическим маркерам высокого риска развития преэклампсии. Особый интерес представляет баланс проангиогенных (PIGF) и антиангиогенных (sFlt) факторов роста на разных сроках беременности; правильное толкование баланса sFlt/PIGF и соотношение с данными анамнеза уже позволяют расширять критерии профилактики преэклампсии и открывают перспективы оптимизации акушерской тактики в III триместре беременности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>PAPP-A</kwd><kwd>PIGF</kwd><kwd>sFlt</kwd><kwd>preeclampsia</kwd><kwd>eclampsia</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>predictors and markers of pre-eclampsia</kwd><kwd>PAPP-A</kwd><kwd>PIGF</kwd><kwd>sFlt</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преэклампсия</kwd><kwd>эклампсия</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>предикторы и маркеры преэклампсии</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Abalos E., Cuesta C., Carroli G. et al. WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health Research Network. Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes: a secondary analysis of the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health. BJOG. 2014; 121(Suppl. 1): S14-24. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12629.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins - Obstetrics. ACOG practice bulletin. Diagnosis and management of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Number 33, January 2002. Obstet. Gynecol. 2002; 99(1): 159-67.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy. Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet. Gynecol. 2013; 122(5): 1122-31. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000437382.03963.88.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Савельева Г.М., Краснопольский В.И., Стрижаков А.Н., Радзинский В.Е., Курцер М.А., Шалина Р.И. Гестоз и преэклампсия. StatusPraesens. Гинекология, акушерство, бесплодный брак. 2013; 1: 9-14</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Vigil-De Gracia P., Reyes Tejada O., Calle Minaca A. et al. Expectant management of severe preeclampsia remote from term: the MEXPRE Latin Study, a randomized multicenter clinical trial. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2013; 209(5): 425. e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.08.016.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Zuleta-Tobon J.J., Pandales-Perez H., Sanchez S. et al. Errors in the treatment of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and their impact on maternal mortality. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 2013; 121(1): 78-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.10.031.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Aylamazyan E.K., Repina M.A. Comments on the clinical protocol «Hypertension during pregnancy, preeclampsia, eclampsia». Zhurnal akusherstva i zhenskikh bolezney. 2012; 61(5): 3-9. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Стрижаков А.Н., Тимохина Е.В., Пицхелаури Е.Г., Белоусова В.С., Якушина Н.И. Преэклампсия сегодня: патогенез и возможности прогнозирования и лечения. Вопросы гинекологии, акушерства и перинатологии. 2016; 15(2): 24-31</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Valensise H., Vasapollo B., Gagliardi G., Novelli G.P. Early and late preeclampsia: two different maternal hemodynamic states in the latent phase of the disease. Hypertension. 2008; 52(5): 873-80. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.117358.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Noori M., Donald A.E., Angelakopoulou A., Hingorani A.D, Williams D.J. Prospective study of placental angiogenic factors and maternal vascular function before and after preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Circulation. 2010; 122(5): 478-87. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.895458.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Nelson D.B., Ziadie M.S., McIntire D.D. Rogers B.B., Leveno K.J. Placental pathology suggesting that preeclampsia is more than one disease. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2014; 210(1): 66. e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.09.010.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Pijnenborg R. The placental bed. Hypertens. Pregnancy. 1996; 15(1): 7-23.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Akolekar R., Syngelaki A., Sarquis R., Zvanca M., Nicolaides K.H. Prediction of early, intermediate and late pre-eclampsia from maternal factors, biophysical and biochemical markers at 11-13 weeks. Prenat. Diagn. 2011; 31(1): 66-74. doi: 10.1002/pd.2660.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Bilano V.L., Ota E., Ganchimeg T., Mori R., Souza J.P. Risk factors of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia and its adverse outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a WHO secondary analysis. PLoS One. 2014; 9(3): e91198. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091198.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Wright D., Akolekar R., Syngelaki A., Poon L.C., Nicolaides K.H. Competing risks model in early screening for pre-eclampsia. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 2012; 32(3): 171-8. doi: 10.1159/000338470.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Akolekar R., Syngelaki A., Poon L., Wright D., Nicolaides K.H. Competing risks model in early screening for pre-eclampsia by biophysical and biochemical markers. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 2013; 33(1): 8-15. doi: 10.1159/000341264.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Rolnik D.L., Wright D., Poon L.C., O’Gorman N., Syngelaki A. et al. Aspirin versus placebo in pregnancies at high risk for preterm preeclampsia. N. Engl. J. Med. 2017; 377(7): 613-22. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1704559.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Roberge S., Villa P., Nicolaides K., Giguère Y., Vainio M. et al. Early administration of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of preterm and term preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 2012; 31(3): 141-6. doi: 10.1159/000336662.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Roberge S., Giguère Y., Villa P., Giguère Y., Vainio M. et al. Early administration of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of severe and mild preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am. J. Perinatol. 2012; 29(7): 551-6. doi: 10.1159/000336662.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Pinheiro C.C., Rayol P., Gozzani L., Reis L.M., Zampieri G. et al. The relationship of angiogenic factors to maternal and neonatal manifestations of early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Prenat. Diagn. 2014; 34(11): 1084-92. doi: 10.1002/pd.4432.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Irving F.C. A study of five hundred consecutive cases of pre-eclampsia. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 1939; 40(2): 137-40.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Yung H.W., Atkinson D., Campion-Smith T., Olovsson M., Charnock-Jones D.S., Burton G.J. Differential activation of placental unfolded protein response pathways implies heterogeneity in causation of early- and late-onset preeclampsia. J. Pathol. 2014; 234(2): 262-76. doi: 10.1002/path.4394.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Granger J.P., Alexander B.T., Llinas M.T., Bennett W.A., Khalil R.A. Pathophysiology of hypertension during preeclampsia linking placental ischemia with endothelial dysfunction. Hypertension. 2001; 38(3, Pt 2): 718-22.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Bonno M., Oxvig C., Kephart G.M. et al. Localization of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-А and colocalization of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-А messenger ribonucleic acid and eosinophil granule major basic protein messenger ribonucleic acid in placenta. Lab. Invest. 1994; 71(4): 560-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Wright D., Syngelaki A., Bradbury I., Akolekar R., Nicolaides K.H. First-trimester screening for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 by ultrasound and biochemical testing. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 2014; 35(2): 118-26. doi: 10.1159/000357430.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Lawrence J.B., Oxvig C., Overgaard M.T., Sottrup-Jensen L., Gleich G.J. et al. The insulin-like growthfactor (IGF)-dependent IGF binding protein-4 protease secreted by human fibroblastsis pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1999; 96(6): 3149-53.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Bersinger N.A., Smárason A.K., Muttukrishna S., Groome N.P., Redman C.W. Women with preeclampsia have increased serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), inhibin A, activin A, and soluble E-selectin. Hypertens. Pregnancy. 2003; 22(1): 45-55.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Bersinger N.A., Ødegård R.A. Second- and third-trimester serum levels of placental proteins in preeclampsia and small-for-gestational age pregnancies. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 2004; 83(1): 37-45.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Deveci K., Sogut E., Evliyaoglu O., Duras N. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and C-reactive protein levels in pre-eclamptic and normotensive pregnant women at third trimester. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2009; 35: 94-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2008.00835.x.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Pilalis A., Souka A.P., Antsaklis P. et al. Screening for pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction by uterine artery Doppler and PAPP-A at 11-14 weeks gestation. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2007; 29(2): 135-40. doi: 10.1002/uog.3881.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Spencer K., Cowans N.J., Chefetz I., Tal J., Meiri H. First-trimester maternal serum PP-13, PAPP-A and second-trimester uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index as markers of pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2007; 29(2): 128-34. doi: 10.1002/uog.3881.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Maynard S.E., Min J.Y., Merchan J. et al. Excess placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) may contribute to endothelial dysfunction hypertension, and proteinuria in preeclampsia. J. Clin. Invest. 2003; 111(5): 649-58. doi: 10.1172/JCI17189.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Ahmad S., Ahmed A. Elevated placental soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 inhibits angiogenesis in preeclampsia. Circ. Res. 2004; 95(9): 884-91. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000147365.86159.f5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Levine R.J., Maynard S.E., Qian C. et al. Circulating angiogenic factors and the risk of preeclampsia. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 350(7): 672-83.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Stepan H., Unversucht A., Wessel N., Faber R. Predictive value of maternal angiogenic factors in second trimester pregnancies with abnormal uterine perfusion. Hypertension. 2007; 49(4): 818-24. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000258404.21552.a3.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Akolekar R., Zaragoza E., Poon L.C.Y., Pepes S., Nicolaides K.H. Maternal serum placental growth factor at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks of gestation in the prediction of pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2008; 32(6): 732-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.6244.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Crispi F., Llurba E., Domínguez C., Martín-Gallán P., Cabero L., Gratacós E. Predictive value of angiogenic factors and uterine artery Doppler for early- versus late-onset pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2008; 31(3): 303-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.5184</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Erez O., Romero R., Espinoza J. et al. The change in concentrations of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in maternal plasma between the first and second trimesters in risk assessment for the subsequent development of preeclampsia and small-for-gestational age. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2008; 21(5): 279-87. doi: 10.1080/14767050802034545.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Verlohren S., Herraiz I., Lapaire O. et.al. New gestational phase-specific cutoff values for the use of the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1/placental growth factor ratio as a diagnostic test for preeclampsia. Hypertension. 2014; 63(2): 346-52. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01787.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Poon L.C., Akolekar R., Lachmann R., Beta J., Nicolaides K.H. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: screening by biophysical and biochemical markers at 11-13 weeks. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2010; 35(6): 662-70. doi: 10.1002/uog.7628.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Roberts J.M., Rajakumar A. Preeclampsia and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2009; 94(7): 2252-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Paré E., Parry S., McElrath T.F., Pucci D., Newton A., Lim K.H. Clinical risk factors for preeclampsia in the 21st century. Obstet. Gynecol. 2014; 124(4): 763-70. doi: 10.1097/AOG. 0000000000000451.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Tsiakkas A., Duvdevani N., Wright A., Wright D., Nicolaides K.H. Serum placental growth factor in the three trimesters of pregnancy: effects of maternal characteristics and medical history. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2015; 45(5): 591-8. doi: 10.1002/uog.14811.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Park H.J., Kim S.H., Jung Y.W., Shim S.S., Kim J.Y. et al. Screening models using multiple markers for early detection of late-onset preeclampsia in low-risk pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014; 14: 35. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-35.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Koopmans C.M., Bijlenga D., Groen H. et al. Induction of labour versus expectant monitoring for gestational hypertension or mild pre-eclampsia after 36 weeks’ gestation (HYPITAT): a multicentre, open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009; 374(9694): 979-88. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60736-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Verlohren S., Herraiz I., Lapaire O. et al. The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in different types of hypertensive pregnancy disorders and its prognostic potential in preeclamptic patients. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2012; 206(1): 58. e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.07.037.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Bdolah Y., Sukhatme V.P., Karumanchi S.A. Angiogenic imbalance in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia: newer insights. Semin. Nephrol. 2004; 24(6): 548-56.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>Zeisler H., Llurba E., Chantraine F., Velohren S. et al. Predictive value of the sFlt-1: PlGF ratio in women with suspected preeclampsia. N. Engl. J. Med. 2016; 374(1): 13-22. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1414838.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Lai J., Garcia-Tizon Larroca S., Peeva G., Poon L.C., Wright D., Nicolaides K.H. Competing risks model in screening for preeclampsia by serum placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 at 30-33 weeks gestation. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 2014; 35(4): 240-8. doi: 10.1159/000359968.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><mixed-citation>Bujold E., Roberge S., Lacasse Y. et al. Prevention of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction with aspirin started in early pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Obstet. Gynecol. 2010; 116(2, Pt. 1): 402-14. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181e9322a.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><mixed-citation>Стрижаков А.Н., Игнатко И.В., Самсонян З.Л., Дуболазов В.Д. Дифференцированный подход к выбору терапии и акушерской тактики у беременных с артериальной гипертензией. Вопросы гинекологии, акушерства и перинатологии. 2004; 3(1): 7-15</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
